Somatic Experiencing Therapy: Definition, Techniques, and Efficacy

Overview

Somatic experiencing therapy is an innovative form of alternative therapy focused on helping individuals heal from trauma by releasing stress stored in the body. Developed by Peter Levine, PhD, this therapy operates on the principle that trauma becomes trapped within the body, leading to various symptoms associated with PTSD and other traumatic experiences. By incorporating bodily awareness and sensations, somatic experiencing therapy aims to resolve these symptoms and promote overall well-being.

Key Techniques

Somatic experiencing practitioners utilize a framework known as SIBAM (Sensation, Imagery, Behavior, Affect, and Meaning) to guide clients in processing trauma through their bodies. This approach differs from traditional top-down methods, which rely on cognitive skills to access memories and traumas. Instead, somatic experiencing takes a bottom-up approach, starting with bodily sensations before moving to thoughts.

1. Sensation:

Somatic experiencing begins by paying close attention to bodily sensations that are often ignored or disconnected from emotions. By simply noticing and describing these sensations, individuals can develop a heightened awareness of their internal experiences.

2. Imagery:

The therapy uses guided imagery techniques to facilitate visualization and inner exploration. Guided imagery involves being led through a scene while listening, while interactive guided imagery is an ongoing conversation where the client shares their experiences during the exercise.

3. Behavior:

The therapist observes the client's behavioral responses, such as body language and posture, as these can provide insights into the client's internal state and emotional experiences.

4. Affect:

Exploring and expressing emotions in a safe and supportive environment is an integral part of somatic experiencing therapy. Clients are encouraged to communicate their emotions openly through words, tone, and speed of speech.

5. Meaning:

Finally, the therapist helps the client understand the meaning and significance of their experiences within the context of their life story and current circumstances. This step promotes a sense of integration and growth.

Applications and Benefits

Somatic experiencing therapy has been found to be beneficial in addressing various conditions, including:

• Trauma
• Anxiety
• Grief
• Substance use disorders
• PTSD
• Chronic pain

The therapy aims to resolve the emotional dysregulation that often stems from trauma by releasing the trapped trauma in the body. Specifically, it targets the freeze response, a primitive self-protective mechanism that can manifest in physical and cognitive symptoms.

Evidence for Efficacy

While research on somatic experiencing therapy is still limited, studies have shown promising results. One randomized controlled trial reported that 44% of participants lost their PTSD diagnosis after receiving the therapy. Other studies have demonstrated significant reductions in symptoms following single or multiple sessions.

Considerations for Engaging in Somatic Experiencing Therapy

Somatic experiencing therapy involves recalling painful memories, which can cause feelings of activation or energetic arousal. Before engaging in this work, therapists typically help the client develop self-soothing techniques to manage these sensations and ensure a safe and supportive therapeutic environment.

Finding a Qualified Therapist

If you are interested in somatic experiencing therapy, you can search for practitioners certified by the Somatic Experiencing Trauma Institute. It's important to find a qualified therapist who has experience in working with trauma.

Conclusion

Somatic experiencing therapy offers an alternative approach to healing trauma by focusing on the body's sensations and responses. Through a structured framework and the guidance of a skilled therapist, clients can safely process traumatic memories, release trapped stress, and promote overall well-being.