Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSbP) is a mental health problem where a caregiver makes up or causes an illness or injury in someone under their care, like a child, elderly adult, or person with a disability. It's also known as fabricated or induced illness by caregivers (FII), especially when the victim is a child.

MSbP is child abuse and can lead to unnecessary medical procedures, emotional distress, and even death. The caregiver might do this for attention, sympathy, or control.

Symptoms of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy

Symptoms of MSbP can be hard to spot since the caregiver often hides their behavior. Some common signs include:

• The child has a history of unexplained or exaggerated illnesses or injuries.
• The child's symptoms improve when they're away from the caregiver.
• The child has a history of hospitalizations or unnecessary medical procedures.
• The caregiver knows a lot about medical terms and procedures.
• The caregiver is overly attentive to the child's medical needs.
• The caregiver is reluctant to let the child see a doctor alone.
• The caregiver might be seen as a "medical professional" or have a history in the medical field.

Causes of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy

The exact cause of MSbP is unknown, but there are factors that might contribute to it, including:

• A history of childhood trauma or abuse
• A need for attention or sympathy
• A desire to control others
• A lack of empathy
• Mental health problems, like personality disorders or depression

Treatment for Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy

There's no cure for MSbP, but treatment can stop the caregiver's behavior and protect the child from harm. Treatment may include:

• Individual therapy for the caregiver
• Family therapy
• Medication for mental health problems
• Placing the child in a safe and supportive home

Coping with Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy

If you think someone you know has MSbP, seek help right away. Contact your local child protection agency or mental health professional.

Remember, you're not alone. Many resources can help you cope with the situation.

A Word From Verywell

MSbP is a serious form of child abuse. It's important to seek help immediately if you suspect someone you know is suffering from the disorder. Treatment can help stop the caregiver's behavior and protect the child from further harm.