How Witnessing Domestic Violence Affects Children

Domestic violence can have a lasting impact on the well-being of children, even if they are not directly involved in the abuse. Children who witness domestic violence may experience a range of psychological, behavioral, and physical problems, both in the short-term and the long term.

Short-Term Effects of Witnessing Domestic Violence

• Anxiety: Witnessing domestic violence can make children feel scared, anxious, and insecure. They may experience nightmares, difficulty sleeping, or changes in appetite.
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Some children who witness domestic violence may develop PTSD, a disorder that can cause flashbacks, avoidance of reminders of the trauma, and difficulty sleeping.
• Depression: Witnessing domestic violence can increase a child's risk of developing depression. They may feel sad, hopeless, and worthless.
• Aggressive behavior: Children who witness domestic violence are more likely to engage in aggressive or violent behavior. They may fight with other children, bully others, or destroy property.
• School problems: Witnessing domestic violence can disrupt a child's ability to learn and focus in school. They may have difficulty paying attention, completing assignments, or making friends.

Long-Term Effects of Witnessing Domestic Violence

• Relationship problems: Children who witness domestic violence may have difficulty forming and maintaining healthy relationships. They may be afraid of intimacy, trust issues, or be attracted to abusive partners.
• Substance abuse: Children who witness domestic violence are more likely to abuse drugs and alcohol as they get older. They may use substances to cope with the pain and trauma they have experienced.
• Domestic violence: Children who witness domestic violence are more likely to become perpetrators or victims of domestic violence as adults. They may learn that violence is an acceptable way to resolve conflict or control others.

Protecting Children from Domestic Abuse

There are a number of things that can be done to protect children from domestic abuse:

• Make safety a priority: If you are a victim of domestic violence, the most important thing you can do is to get yourself and your children to safety. This may mean leaving your home, calling the police, or filing for a restraining order.
• Talk to your children: Talk to your children about domestic violence in a way that is appropriate for their age and understanding. Explain that violence is never okay, and that they should never tolerate abuse from anyone.
• Teach your children healthy relationship dynamics: Teach your children about healthy relationships. Explain that relationships should be based on respect, equality, and trust.
• Get professional help: If you or your child is struggling with the effects of domestic violence, seek professional help. A therapist can help you to process your experiences and develop coping mechanisms.

A Word From Verywell

Domestic violence can have a devastating impact on children. If you are a victim of domestic violence, it is important to seek help. You and your children deserve to live in a safe and healthy environment.