The 3 Factors of Reciprocal Determinism

Psychologist Albert Bandura proposed the theory of reciprocal determinism, stating that a person's behavior is influenced by three interacting factors: their thoughts and feelings, their environment, and their actions.

1. Individual's Thoughts and Feelings:

   • Thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, values, and self-efficacy.
   • Example: A student's belief about their math abilities can impact their effort and performance in math class.

2. Environment:

   • Physical and social settings.
   • Example: A classroom with frequent interruptions can hinder the student's attention and learning.

3. Person's Actions:

   • Both physical and mental behaviors.
   • Example: Engaging in effective study habits can enhance the student's understanding and retention of information.

Interconnections:

• Thoughts and feelings can influence actions, which can then shape the environment.
• The environment can influence thoughts and feelings, which in turn affect actions.

Example:

• A student struggling in math may develop low self-efficacy, leading to increased anxiety and poor performance.
• Classmates' mockery can create a negative social environment, further lowering self-efficacy and worsening performance.

Factors Modifying Reciprocal Determinism:

• Teachers can provide additional support and create a positive classroom atmosphere to enhance students' self-efficacy and academic performance.
• Developing better study skills can lead to improved math performance.

Self-Efficacy and Reciprocal Determinism:

• Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to achieve a goal.
• High self-efficacy in math can motivate students to put forth effort and persist, resulting in better outcomes.

Conclusion:

• Reciprocal determinism emphasizes that individuals actively shape their lives through their thoughts, actions, and interactions with the environment.
• Understanding this theory helps comprehend human behavior and create interventions to promote positive change.