Homelessness and Mental Health

Homelessness: A Global Issue

Homelessness is a global problem, affecting approximately 100 million people worldwide. The United States, despite being one of the wealthiest countries in the world, has a significant homelessness problem, with over half a million people experiencing homelessness on any given night in 2019.

Contributing Factors to Homelessness

Various factors contribute to homelessness, including poverty, lack of affordable housing, domestic violence, substance abuse, and mental illness.

Defining Homelessness

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) defines homelessness as "lacking a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence."

Mental Health Challenges of Homelessness

Homelessness is a traumatic experience that can have severe mental health consequences. People experiencing homelessness are more likely to experience anxiety, depression, suicide contemplation, and addiction.

Personal Experiences of Homelessness

Matt Pisani, an actor and LGBTQIA+ activist, faced homelessness after being kicked out by his mother. The abandonment by his family and separation from his safe haven and emotional support animal led him to battle suicidal thoughts.

Homelessness and Trauma

Laura Sovine, LMSW-AP and executive director at Austin Recovery, emphasizes the physical and emotional toll of living on the streets. She highlights that the isolation and disenfranchisement experienced while homeless can exacerbate pre-existing mental illness or substance use disorders.

Homelessness Among Veterans

Homeless veterans have higher rates of chronic diseases and comorbidities compared to non-veterans. Over half of homeless veterans experience at least one chronic health or mental health condition, including diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, cancer, bipolar disorder, PTSD, schizophrenia, and more.

Homelessness Among Youths

Homelessness is also prominent among America's youth, with an estimated 4.2 million youths and young adults experiencing homelessness each year. Among this population, 50% have been involved in the juvenile justice system or jail, and 69% report mental health problems.

Homelessness Among LGBTQ+ Youth

Members of the LGBTQ+ community are 120% more at risk of homelessness than heterosexual or cisgender youth.

Supporting Homeless Individuals

Supportive services in shelters can help homeless youth transition to independent living in the community. These services should include education, employment, health, and mental health support.

Ways to Support the Homeless

Community members can support the homeless by handing out information cards on shelters and support services, offering water and healthy snacks, or simply making eye contact and being kind.

Conclusion

Temporary access to a shelter or a bed does not mitigate the traumatic, dangerous, and harmful effects of homelessness on overall health and well-being. It is essential to support those in the homeless community and those at risk of becoming homeless.