Elimination Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Remedies

What Are Elimination Disorders?

Elimination disorders are conditions in which children urinate or defecate in places other than the toilet. These disorders are usually diagnosed in children between the ages of 7 and 12, and are more common in boys than girls.

Types of Elimination Disorders

The two main types of elimination disorders are:

• Enuresis: This is the involuntary release of urine, or bedwetting. Enuresis can be either nocturnal (occurring only at night) or diurnal (occurring only during the day).
• Encopresis: This is the involuntary release of feces, or soiling. Encopresis can also be either nocturnal or diurnal.

Symptoms of Elimination Disorders

The symptoms of elimination disorders can vary depending on the type of disorder.

Enuresis

• Frequent or irregular release of urine on beds or elsewhere
• Difficulty waking up to use the toilet at night
• Feeling ashamed or embarrassed about bedwetting

Encopresis

• Passing stool in inappropriate locations, such as underwear or on the floor
• Constipation
• Straining when stooling
• Dry or hard stool
• Avoiding bowel movements

Diagnosis of Elimination Disorders

A doctor will diagnose an elimination disorder based on a child's history and symptoms. The doctor may also order tests to rule out other medical conditions that could be causing the symptoms.

Causes of Elimination Disorders

The exact cause of elimination disorders is not known. However, there are a number of factors that may contribute to these disorders, including:

• Genetics: Elimination disorders tend to run in families.
• Medical conditions: Some medical conditions, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and constipation, can increase the risk of elimination disorders.
• Behavioral factors: Some behavioral factors, such as stress and anxiety, can also contribute to elimination disorders.

Treatment of Elimination Disorders

The treatment for elimination disorders will depend on the type of disorder and the underlying cause.

Enuresis

• Behavioral therapy: Behavioral therapy can help children learn to control their bladder and reduce bedwetting.
• Medication: Medication can also be helpful in treating enuresis.
• Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat enuresis.

Encopresis

• Behavioral therapy: Behavioral therapy can help children learn to control their bowels and reduce soiling.
• Medication: Medication can also be helpful in treating encopresis.
• Bowel management: Bowel management techniques, such as using laxatives and enemas, can help to soften stool and make it easier to pass.

A Word From Verywell

Elimination disorders can be a challenging condition for children and their families. However, with the right treatment, most children can overcome these disorders and learn to control their bladder and bowels.