12 Archetypes: Definition, Theory, and Types

Definition:

Archetypes are universal models of people, behaviors, and personalities that influence human behavior. Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung suggested that archetypes are archaic forms of innate human knowledge passed down from ancestors.

Theory:

Jungian psychology proposes that archetypes reside in the collective unconscious, containing universal patterns and images shared by all humans. These archetypes are inherited like instinctive behaviors.

Jungian Archetypes:

1. Personal vs. Collective Unconscious:

   • Personal unconscious: Comprises memories, including suppressed ones.
   • Collective unconscious: Stores knowledge and experiences common to all humans.

2. Origins of Jungian Archetypes:

   • Archetypes: Derived from the collective unconscious.
   • Primordial images: Fundamental aspects of being human.

3. Main Archetypes:

   • Persona: The public mask we wear.
   • Shadow: The darker aspects of our personality.
   • Anima/animus: Feminine side of a man's personality and masculine side of a woman's personality.
   • Self: The integrated, whole personality.

4. Other Archetypes:

   • The hero: Overcomes challenges to achieve a goal.
   • The villain: Opposes the hero.
   • The wise old man: Provides guidance and wisdom.
   • The great mother: Represents nurturing and protection.
   • The trickster: Plays tricks and causes trouble.